SPORT PSYCHOLOGY, Leadership Styles of coaching Term Paper

SPORT PSYCHOLOGY, Leadership Styles of coaching - Term Paper Example Coaches are expected to be able to take a long view, observe, and make constructive criticism that allows the person to be the best they can be. â€Å"A coach usually sits on the sidelines and provides encouragement and advice to the players on the field. During time outs the coach helps the players to see the big picture of what is happening†¦ in a similar way, mentors can coach beginning teachers to connect theory with practice† (Boreen et al, 35). Mentoring and coaching can be very enlightening and positive ways for experienced leaders to reach those new to the team, but there are also risks to these strategies, as well as pros and cons to different leadership styles. Coaches may follow authoritative leadership roles, or be more confrontational to authority. Understanding leadership is very important to coaching professionals because they have to be able to differentiate between different leadership styles, use them appropriately, and find which is best for the situation. For example, the official leader in team development is different from the emergent leader in that there is more likelihood that the official leader will represent traditional organizational forces and the status quo. The emergent leader, on the other hand, may represent a challenge to this sense of tradition and status quo, and thus may present old issues in a new way or seek to change the basic organizational structure. It is likely that the coaching professional will therefore be more attracted to the emergent type of leadership than the traditional, but they should know the styles and characteristics of both. It is also likely that the emergent leader is going to have less of a solid bureaucratic support-structure than the official leader, and may not have the trad itional, conservative authority within a school or organization that an official leader has. The coach acting in an official leadership role may be less willing to take as many risks. Many also think

Old Man And The Sea :: essays research papers

This part of the story has to do with Santiago against nature and the sea. In this part of the story, he goes out and fights nature in the form of terrible forces and dangerous creatures, among them, a marlin, sharks and hunger. He starts the story in a small skiff and moves out in a journey to capture a fish after a long losing streak of eighty-four days. Unfortunately his friend must desert him due to this problem and a greater force, his parents. Santiago must go out into the danger alone. For three harsh days and nights he fights a fish of enormous power. This is the second form of nature he must conquer. Earlier in the story, the first part of nature is himself, for which he must fight off his hunger. This is a harsh part of the story. He manages though to get a few bites in the form of flying fish and dolphin of which he would like to have salt on. This part of the story tells of a cold and harsh sea, that is, one that has value and mystery as well as death and danger. It has commercial value as well as the population of life in it. It is dark and treacherous though, and every day there is a challenge. A similar story tells about a tidal pool with life called `Cannery Road'. This part of the story has to deal with figures of Christ. It mainly deals with Santiago as being a figure of Christ and other characters as props, that is, characters which carry out the form of biblical themes. On the day before he leaves when he wakes up, Manolin, his helper, comes to his aid with food and drink. Also a point that might be good is that he has had bad luck with his goal for a great period of time and is sure it will work this time. Later, though, when Santiago needs him for the quest he sets out to do, Manolin deserts him, although he may not have wanted to at this time. In the novel Santiago comes upon a force bigger than his skiff, the marlin which misleads him out far past his intended reach. This is where he starts to lose his strength against something which seems a greater force. Santiago has a struggle of three days, which is significent because

Learning Team Deliverable Essay

The assignment for this week focuses on the team’s understanding of the goals and objectives of training program development and delivery. Team C summarizes the following highlights of this week’s discussions: determining organizational development theories and applications; differentiating between mentoring and executive coaching; identifying the major components of employee training; and comparing career development strategies. Organizational Development Theories and Applications Organizational development (OD) focuses on the research, theory, and practices committed to increasing the knowledge and effectiveness of individuals to achieve positive and successful organizational transformations. OD is the continuous process of planning, implementing, and evaluating the goals of the company by the way of â€Å"transferring knowledge and skills to organizations to improve their capacity for solving problems and managing future change† (Organizational development theory, n.d.). The beginning of OD came from studies from the 1930s, 40s, and 50s where the realization arisen about how the structure of the organization and its processes helped shape an employee’s performance and drive. In recent years, OD is helping companies align with the changes occurring in the new business environment. Key to organizational development theories and applications is the organization’s climate, culture, and strategies. The Difference between Mentoring and Executive Coaching Many companies are now beginning to grasp the significance of mentoring and coaching their employees. Although many entry-level jobs do require a college education and a few years’ experience, it is crucial to provide the necessary tools and training to those employees interested in climbing the corporate ladder into managerial or supervisory positions. Now more than ever, companies are realizing the need to provide leadership advancement opportunities to its employees so as to motivate them, stay competitive and productive, which in turn positively impacts the bottom line of the business. Mentoring and coaching programs are now habitually used in many organizations to improve leadership qualities (Watt, 2004). The Major Components of Employee Training Employee training is essential to the both individual and companywide success. Training improves productivity and profitability, promotes a safe and healthy work environment, ensures compliance with laws and regulations, and creates opportunities for career development. There are several major components that should be included in an effective training program, and those components include performing a job analysis and needs assessment, establishing training objectives, conducting a training program, and evaluating training outcomes. Performing a job analysis involves formatting a detailed study of necessary job requirements including skills needed to complete the job and required employee qualifications. A needs assessment identifies training activities that are required in order to achieve company objectives. Before training, an employer must determine what will be accomplished as a result of the training. Training objectives are terms that describe the intended outcome of a training program. The objectives allow for the measurement of success as there are predetermined skill levels and conditions that should be achieved. In order to meet company objectives, the employer must conduct a training program. Training can be carried out through on-the-job training, job rotation, apprenticeship training, classroom training, and many other methods. Regardless of the method(s) of training implemented meeting training objectives should be the focus. It may be necessary to use more than one method of training or revise training if results are not being achieved. In order to determine the effectiveness,  the training outcome must be evaluated. The evaluation of training consists of a reaction, learning, behavior, and results. Results determine how much the trainee liked the program. Learning outlines what facts and concepts were learned. Behavior determines if the program had an effect on the behavior(s) of the trainees. And results highlight what was accomplished as a result of the program, i.e. reduction of turnover or cost. Evaluating a training program allows for an employer to identify and correct areas in which improvement is needed. In order accomplish company goals employees must be trained effectively. Training cannot be an afterthought; it should be planned and implemented correctly. Career Development Strategies Career development is comprised of three main objectives. The first objective is to meet human resource needs in a timely manner throughout the life of the business. The second objective is to provide information about open positions and opportunity for growth to the organization’s employees. The last objective is to use existing programs to develop and manage employee careers to match organizational plans and goals. Three different parties are responsible for professional development within the organization: the employee, the employee’s manager, and the organization itself. Various strategies exist to succeed in the development process. One strategy human resources may use is career pathing. For example, an existing employee would like to apply for a higher position within the company. To acquire the required skills, the employee may work with management and the human resource department to develop a blueprint of the steps required to achieve the necessary skill set or certification. Some organizations offer specialized education or training classes to their employees. Another strategy tool in career development is career counseling. Through career counseling, human resource managers can communication with the employee and the organization’s managers, while â€Å"employees explore career goals and opportunities in the organization† (ExploreHR.org, 2014). Conclusion Organizational development is an essential component in the success of an organization. As discussed above there are various OD theories and  applications that can be utilize to improve the overall effectiveness of company processes and operation. Mentoring and executive coaching are similar methods both used to improve employee performance or correct damaging behaviors. Employee training includes a number of components including, performing a job analysis and needs assessment, establishing training objectives, conducting a training program, and evaluating training outcomes. The primary strategies for career development are meeting human resource needs, providing information about opportunity for growth, and developing and managing employee careers. The above mentioned strategies and methods can be used in conjunction to improve company success. References Elements of Career Planning Programs. (2014). Retrieved on November 30, 2014 from http://www.explorehr.org/articles/Career_Management/Elements_of_Career_Planning_Programs.html Organizational development theory. Retrieved from http://www.med.upenn.edu/hbhe4/part4-ch15-organizational-development-theory.shtml Watt, L. (2004). Mentoring and coaching in the workplace: an insight into two leading leadership development programs in organizations. Canadian Manager.

The Battle Of The St. Lawrence Seaway - 1693 Words

The Battle of the St. Lawrence Seaway refers to the attacks on Allied shipping in the Gulf of the St. Lawrence from 1942 through to the end of the shipping season in 1944 . German submarines, commonly called U-boats, entered into these Canadian waters to hinder and delay Allied supplies from reaching Britain across the Atlantic . However, Allied convoys still made voyages to Britain and back, constantly supplying them with goods. Sailing across the middle of the Atlantic itself was considered far more dangerous than just leaving the Canadian ports. Therefore, through examining Germany’s intent for entering the Gulf of the St. Lawrence, effect on Allied shipping, and subsequent response by the Allies with respect to the attacks, it can be shown that U-boats entering into Canadian waters had very little impact on impeding Allied shipping. Allied shipping from North America to Britain needed to supply at least a million tonnes of goods to allow Britain to survive and fight agains t the Axis . Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of Britain for the duration of the Second World War, called the Battle of the Atlantic â€Å"the [most] dominating factor all through the war. Never for one moment could we forget that everything happening elsewhere, on land, at sea or in the air depended ultimately on its outcome† . Therefore, whoever held the upper hand in the Battle of the Atlantic held the advantage in supplies for the war. Germany decided to employ their U-boats to try to delay and strikeShow MoreRelatedhow did war change canada1322 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States, were the only two countries of the Second World War whose infrastructures were greatly developed. The ascension of both countries’ economies resulted in a long lasting partnership of trade and common building projects, such as the St. Lawrence Seaway. Just as Canada’s economy underwent major changes during and after the period of World War Two, so did the roles of Canadian women in the nation’s economical and social landscape. Prior to the war, the workforce had a relatively lowRead MoreHistory Grade 10 Exam Review6476 Words   |  26 Pages * Winston Churchill: 1940- 1955 * British PM * Asked Canada to send troops for the battle of Hong Kong * Franklin Roosevelt: 1933- 1945 * President of US * Created the New Deal in 1935 * Harry Truman: 1945- 1953 * President of US * Used atomic bomb * Joseph Stalin: 1922- 1952 * Leady of the Soviet Union * Dictator * Louis St. Laurent: 1948- 1957 * Liberal * Canada became more international under his power Read MoreMcCarthy and Modern Republicanism, An Outline Essay1877 Words   |  8 Pagesthe federal commitments with the area †¢ It was the National Interstate and Defense Highways Act within 1956 that had 26 billion dollars over ten years for construction of national highway system †¢ It was within 1959 of the building of the St. Lawrence Seaway for linking the Great Lakes with Atlantic Ocean through program of U.S. and Canada †¢ Soviet Union then had the Sputnik within 1957 of the first satellite that caused for the U.S. to step up †¢ Eisenhower then had the National Aeronautics andRead MoreMost Significant Events in History- 1950-19902242 Words   |  9 Pagesfurther distance to travel which increased automobile sales. Along the highway there were many new opportunities for people to open businesses such as shopping centers, drive in movies, gas stations and fast food places. Eisenhower also signed the St Lawrence Seaway Act that opened up the Great Lakes to allow shipping between the US and Canada. 1960’s- Kennedy’s New Frontier, Civil Rights, and the Hippie Subculture The 1960’s marked an era of change and a social revolution for many people in the UnitedRead More Biography of Dwight David Eisenhower Essay4593 Words   |  19 PagesIke began to call around. Senators knew of his father and his reputation, thus they were happy to write a recommendation. After he had enough recommendations, he began to study vigorously to pass the entrance exam. In the spring of 1911, he went to St. Louis, took the exam, and passed. In early June of 1911, Ike was off to West Point. Being a military school, West Point was really tough. The leading officers convinced the young cadets that they were nothing. They were made to sleep in tents duringRead MoreThe Effectiveness of Eisenhowers First Term: 1953-19565004 Words   |  21 PagesThis proposal was designed to create a program that would offer alternatives to nuclear war and to find peaceful applications of the technology within the United Nations. The new President continued to try to initiate joint construction of the St. Lawrence Seaway that had been promoted by previous administrations with the Canadians. Another of the initiatives that Eisenhower took was the New Look defense program. In this program the budget of the United States Army would be cut back. The funds thatRead MoreIroquois Confederacy9092 Words   |  37 Pagesathletes use Haudenosaunee passports as they travel around the world. Protecting the land is another priority. Since the 1940s, the Haudenosaunee have been involved in land issues involving projects as varied as the Kenzua Dam project, the St. Lawrence Seaway, and the Niagara Power Plant. After New York state attempted to condemn a portion of the Senecas land for use in building a highway, a federal court ruled in the 1970s At the beginning of the century, many Iroquois were leaving the reservations